高中英語語法高中語法復習主謂一致1

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高中語法復習主謂一致11

在英語句子中，謂語以主語為主，其動詞必須與主語在人稱和數量上保持一致，稱為主語和謂語一致。尋找其規律大致可以概括為三個原則，即語法一致性、邏輯意義一致性和就近一致性。

(1)語法一致原則:語法一致意味著謂語動詞和主語在單、復數形式上保持一致。

1、當以單數名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句為主語時，謂語動詞一般以單數形式；當主語為復數時，謂語動詞采用復數形式。如:His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

注：what引導的主語從句，后面的謂語動詞大多采用單數形式，但如果表語是復數或what從句是具有復數意義的并列結構，則主句的謂語動詞采用復數形式。如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.

2、連接詞and或both … 在and連接的合成主語后面，應使用復數謂語動詞。如:Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.

注意:① 如果and連接的兩個詞是指同一個人或物體，則其背后的謂語動詞應用單數形式。如:The writer and artist has come.; / ② 在and連接的并列單數主語之前，如果分別有no， each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修改時，其謂語動詞應采用單數形式。如:Every student and every teacher was in the room.. / No boy and no girl likes it.

3、主語是單數名詞或代詞，盡管后面有with， together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, 短語由including等引起，謂語動詞仍采用單數形式；若主語為復數，則謂語以復數形式。如:Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.

4、either, neither, each, every 或no 單數名詞和some， any, no, 由every組成的復合不定代詞，都是單數看待的。例如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.

注意:① 在口語中，either或neither后跟有"of 復數名詞(或代詞)"做主語時，其謂語動詞也可以使用復數。如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若none of背后的名詞是無數名詞，其謂語動詞需要單數；如果它背后的名詞是復數，它的謂語動詞可以是單數或復數。如:None of us has (have) been to America.

5、在定語從句中，關系代詞that， who, 當which等作為主語時，其謂語動詞的數量應與句中先行詞的數量一致。如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.

6、若集體名詞是指整個集體，則其謂語動詞使用單數；若指集體成員，則其謂語動詞采用復數形式。這些詞有family， class, crowd, committee, population, 等等。如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.

注意:people, police, cattle等名詞一般用作復數。例如：The police are looking for the lost child.

7、由"a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of 名詞"構成的短語及原因"分數或百分數 名詞"短語作為主語，其謂語動詞的數量應根據短語中后面名詞的數量來確定。如:There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.

注意: a number of"許多",用復數作定語修飾復數名詞，謂語用復數；the number of"…的數量",主語是number，謂語用單數。

8、在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數量應與后來的主語一致。例如：There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.

（2）邏輯意義一致原則：邏輯意義一致意味著謂語動詞的數量必須與主語的意義一致（因為有時主語形式是單數，但意義是復數；有時形式是復數，但意義是單數）。

1、what, who, which, any, more, All等代詞可以是單數，也可以是復數，主要由意思決定。例如：Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing.

2、表示"時間、重量、長度、價值"當名詞的復數作為主語時，謂語動詞通常以單數的形式， 這是因為主語的名詞在概念上是一個整體，比如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 精品小說推薦： 昔日落魄少年被逐出家族，福禍相依得神秘老者相助，從此人生路上一片青雲！ 我行我瀟灑，彰顯我性格！ 彆罵小爺拽，媳婦多了用車載！ 妹紙一聲好歐巴，轉手就是摸摸大！ “不要嘛！” 完整內容請點擊辣手仙醫

Tags：謂語   主語   復數