英語語法詳解

《英語語法詳解》 --ed分詞(5)由英語編輯整理，更多請訪問:https://www.bestzhufu.com/english/.本內容整理時間為05月12日，如有任何問題請與我們聯系。

二、-ING分詞與-ED分詞的區別

雖然在語法功能上，-ED分詞在句子中所能承受的成分與-ING分詞基本相同，但在意義上存在差異：-ING分詞表示主動意義，-ED分詞表示被動意義；-ING分詞表示一般或正在進行的動作，而ED分詞表示已完成和被動的動作。在表現形式上，-ING分詞有"一般式"和"完成式"與"主動式"和"被動式"而ED分詞只有一種形式。下面我們來分析一下-ING分詞和-ED分詞在語法功能上的區別。

1. -ING分詞表示主語的特征，ED分詞表示主語的狀態

The book is quite interesting. I am insteredted in the book very much.

The play is more exciting than any I have

ever seen. That piece of land lay deserted.

2. 作狀語時-ING分詞表示主語正在進行的另一個動作，而ED分詞表示主語動作的背景或情況

11) In his movies，W. C. Fields was always at war with the world， .

［A］ battling both people and objects

［B］ both people and objects were battled

［C］ he was battling both people and objects

［D］ both people and objects that were battled

13) Having been served lunch， .

［A］ the problem was discussed by the members of the committee

［B］ the committee members discussed the problem

［C］ it was discussed by the committee members the problem

［D］ a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee

12) for her anthropological research，Margaret Mead also was involved with the World Federation for Mental Health.

［A］ She is noted primarily

［B］ Noted primarily

［C］ Primarily is noted

［D］ She primarily noted

14) Considered one of the leading poets in America today， .

［A］ a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez

［B］ Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays

［C］ a number of Sonia Sanchez"s books and plays have been written

［D］ there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez

3. ①定語時，-ING分詞表示正在進行的動作，而-ED分詞表示動作發生在謂語動詞之前；②-ING分詞表示其修飾的單詞經常或當時的狀態，而ED分詞則沒有時間性；③-ING分詞表示主動，ED分詞表示被動

15) The boiled ［A］ point of any liquid ［B］ is determined ［C］ by the pressure ［D］ of the surrounding gases.

16) High-grade ［A］ written ［B］ paper is frequently ［C］ obtained ［D］ from cotton rags.

17) Scientists ［A］ still cannot find ［B］ any convinced ［C］ link between intelligence ［D］ and the quantity or quality of brain cells.

4. 然而，少數動詞的ED分詞有兩種形式和意義上的差異。比如bear的ED分詞可以分為born和borne，前者只用于"出生"后者用于的意義"負擔"，"負荷"，"承擔"和"傳送"之意

I was born in 1966.

His borne responsibility to the whole workers of the factory is really great.

另一個例子：hang-ED分詞也有兩種，一種是hung，另一種形式是hanged， 前者表示"懸掛"，后者表示"吊死，絞死"。strike-ED分詞也有兩種：struck和striken, 前者有"打擊""沖擊""感動"等義，而striken只用作形容詞，表示"受折磨"之意。

來自及物動詞的-ED分詞表示被動意義；來自不及物動詞的-ED分詞表示主動性和完成性：fallen leaves (落葉)，a full-blown rose (盛開的玫瑰)， escaped prinsoners(逃犯), the exploded bomb, her deceased husband, the retired workers, the vanished jewels, the newly arrived visitors, the returned students, the risen sun.

三、例題分析

1) A是正確答案。(一般動作。) 2) A是正確答案。(連續行動。)

3) D錯。 改為harvesting（抽象動作）。 4) A是正確答案。(已完成的動作。)

5) C錯。 改為to be interviewed(即將到來的動作)。 6) C錯了。改為to kill(不確定或未來行動)。

7) D是正確的答案。(過去經常或總是干……) 8) A是正確答案。(習慣...used是形容詞)

9) A錯了。改為jog。(表示過去經常或總是干……) 10) A是正確答案。 11) A是正確答案。

12) B是正確答案。這句話由-ED分詞組成。"noted"引導-ED結構，在句子中說明主句謂語的背景。 精品小說推薦： 昔日落魄少年被逐出家族，福禍相依得神秘老者相助，從此人生路上一片青雲！ 我行我瀟灑，彰顯我性格！ 彆罵小爺拽，媳婦多了用車載！ 妹紙一聲好歐巴，轉手就是摸摸大！ “不要嘛！” 完整內容請點擊辣手仙醫

Tags：分詞   表示   正確答案