GMAT閱讀模擬練習題

下面是祝福網GMAT頻道整理提供的GMAT閱讀模擬練習題，歡迎閱讀。

Biologists have advanced two theories to explain why schooling of fish occurs in so many fish species. Because schooling is particularly wide spread among species of small fish, both theories assume that schooling offers the advantage of some protection from predators.

Proponents of theory A dispute the assumption that a school of thousands of fish is highly visible. Experiments have shown that any fish can be seen, even in very clear water, only within a sphere of 200 meters in diameter. When fish are in a compact group, the sphere of visibility overlap. Thus, the chance of a predator finding the school is only slightly greater than the chance of the predator finding a single fish swimming alone. Schooling is advantageous to the individual fish because a predator’s chance of finding any particular fish swimming in the school is much smaller than its chance of finding at least one of the same group of fish if the fish were dispersed throughout an area.

However, critics of theory A point out that some fish form schools even in areas where predators are abundant and thus little possibility fo excaping detection exists. They argue that the school continues to be of value to its members even after detection. They advocate theory B, the “confusion effect,” which can be explained in two different ways.

Sometimes, proponents argue, predators simply cannot decide which fish to attack. This indecision supposedly results from a predator’s preference for striking prey that is distinct from the rest of the school in appearance. In many schools the fish are almost indentical in appearance, making it difficult for a predator to select one. The second explanation for the “confusion effect” has to do with the sensory confusion caused by a large number of prey moving around the predator. Even if the predator makes the decision to attack a particular fish, the movement of other prey in the school can be distracting. The predator’s difficulty can be compared to that of a tennis player trying to hit a tennis ball when two are approaching simultaneously.

1. According to the passage, theory B states that which of the following is a factor that enables a schooling fish to escape predators?

(A) The tendency of fish to form compact groups

(B) The movement of other fish within the school

(C) The inability of predators to detect schools

(D) The ability of fish to hide behind one another in a school

(E) The great speed with which a school can disperse

2. According to the passage, both theory A and theory B have been developed to explain how

(A) fish hide from predators by forming schools

(B) forming schools functions to protect fish from predators

(C) schooling among fish differs from other protective behaviors

(D) small fish are able to make rapid decisions

(E) small fish are able to survive in an environment densely populated by large predators

3. According to one explanation of the “confusion effect”, a fish that swims in a school will have greater advantages for survival if it

(A) A tends to be visible for no more than 200 meters

(B) B stays near either the front or the rear of a school

(C) C is part of a small school rather than a large school

(D) D is very similar in appearance to the other fish in the school

(E) E is medium-sized

4. The author is primarily concerned with

(A) discussing different theories

(B) analyzing different techniques

(C) defending two hypotheses

(D) defending two hypotheses

(E) revealing new evidence

這是一篇典型的GMAT閱讀多重解釋型的文章。

l 第一段清楚地告訴讀者文章接下來會對一些魚群居地現象給出兩種解釋。

l 第二段中，解釋A的支持者表達了他們的觀點，提出魚群居是為了減少個體被捕食者發現的機會。

l 第三段開頭轉折(However)之后，解釋A被反駁，進而提出解釋B，說群居的魚被捕食者發現之后依然能提高他們的存活率。

l 最后一段具體說了對解釋B的兩方面的具體解讀。

從整體框架上看，新文章和之前的解釋型文章相比變化不大，而在具體內容上觀點與論證之間的結合更加緊密，文章的血肉更加充實，細節的出題點更多。

本文延續GMAT閱讀文章的一貫特點，在邏輯嚴密性上也有所提高。

本文后面一共跟4道題，前3道均為直接細節題，最后1道為主旨題。

第一題，問解釋B說哪個因素會幫助魚群擺脫捕食者，定位點很明確，是“解釋B”底下的細節，定位到最后一段。能回答問題的一共有兩點，第一點在“Sometimes”到34行“to select one”之間，說魚數量多導致捕食者難以決定究竟吃誰;第二點在“The second explanation”到文章結尾，說魚群中大量魚的運動會使捕食者分心而難以捕食成功。所以這兩點因素(數量多和魚群運動)都能夠正確回答這個問題。 精品小說推薦： 昔日落魄少年被逐出家族，福禍相依得神秘老者相助，從此人生路上一片青雲！ 我行我瀟灑，彰顯我性格！ 彆罵小爺拽，媳婦多了用車載！ 妹紙一聲好歐巴，轉手就是摸摸大！ “不要嘛！” 完整內容請點擊辣手仙醫

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